Cosmetic use of bifidobacterium species lysate for the treatment of dryness

ABSTRACT

Cosmetic use of an effective amount of a lysate of at least one microorganism of the genus  Bifidobacterium  species and/or one of its fractions in treating and/or preventing dryness and/or associated disorders of a keratinous substance.

This is a Division of application Ser. No. 12/200,426 filed Aug. 28, 2008, which claims the benefit of French Application No. 07 57348 filed on Sep. 4, 2007 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/973,541 filed on Sep. 19, 2007. The disclosure of the prior applications is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

The present disclosure mainly concerns at providing a novel active principle for preventing and/or treating dryness of keratinous substances and in particular skin described as dry.

BACKGROUND

It is known that an increase in cutaneous dryness is often observed with age; however, such cutaneous dryness states may also occur in young subjects. This is because the cutaneous dryness state is a physiological state which may be present in young subjects without any pathological cause, at least apparent pathological cause. The origin of this dryness may be constitutional or acquired. Thus, many external factors can result in drying of the skin or can aggravate the state of the skin which is already dry. Mention may be made, among these factors, of difficult climatic conditions, solar radiation, or exposure to certain chemical or therapeutic agents.

Dry skin is often associated physiologically with a fall in the level of cutaneous hydration and with a detrimental change in the barrier function, measured by the imperceptible water loss. It is in particular characterized sensorially by a feeling of skin tightness and/or tension. For obvious reasons, these manifestations are sources of discomfort, indeed even of pain.

SUMMARY

There thus remains a need to have available novel active principles capable of exerting a beneficial cosmetic or therapeutic effect on the epidermis or keratinous substances in general which are described as dry. Within the meaning of the disclosure, the term “epidermis” is intended to denote both the skin and the scalp.

Unexpectedly, the Inventors have found that some probiotic microorganisms can prove to be particularly effective in the prevention and/or treatment of dry skin, with the proviso that they are employed in the form of a lysate.

Consequently, according to a first aspect, a subject-matter of the disclosure is the cosmetic use of an effective amount of a lysate of at least one microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium species and/or one of its fractions for treating and/or preventing dryness and/or associated disorders of a keratinous substance, in particular dry epidermides, such as the skin or scalp.

According to another of its aspects, the present disclosure concerns the use of an effective amount of a lysate of at least one microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium species and/or one of its fractions in the preparation of a composition intended to treat and/or prevent dryness and/or associated disorders of a keratinous substance.

In particular, such a composition proves to be effective in treating ichthyoses, psoriasis, hyperkeratoses, topical dermatitides and dry dandruff states of the scalp.

The present disclosure relates, according to another of its aspects, to the cosmetic use of an effective amount of a lysate of at least one microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium species and/or one of its fractions in treating and/or preventing a dry dandruff state of the scalp, and more particularly dry dandruffs.

According to another of its aspect, the present disclosure concerns the use of an effective amount of a lysate of at least one microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium species and/or one of its fractions in the preparation of a composition intended to treat and/or prevent a dry dandruff state of the scalp.

Within the meaning of the present disclosure, the term “to prevent” means to reduce the risk of appearance of the phenomenon concerned.

According to another of its aspects, a subject-matter of the disclosure is a method, in particular a cosmetic method, for treating and/or preventing dryness and/or associated disorders of a keratinous substance, in particular dry epidermides, such as the skin or scalp, in a subject, comprising at least one step of administration to the said subject of at least an effective amount of a lysate of at least one microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium species and/or one of its fractions.

According to another of its aspects, a subject-matter of the present disclosure is a cosmetic and/or dermatological composition, of use in particular for preventing and/or treating dry keratinous substances, in particular dry epidermides, such as the skin or scalp, comprising, in a physiologically acceptable carrier, at least an effective amount of a lysate of at least one microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium species and/or one of its fractions, in combination with an effective amount of at least one additional microorganism, in particular a probiotic microorganism, distinct from said lysate.

Within the meaning of the disclosure, the expression “distinct from said lysate” means that it is possible to distinguish, within the composition, either two different microorganisms or two different forms of the same microorganism. Thus, when the additional microorganism is of the genus Bifidobacterium species and corresponds to the same species as that representing the lysate required according to the disclosure, this additional microorganism is then present in a form other than a lysate.

According to another of its aspects, the present disclosure concerns a cosmetic and/or dermatological composition, of use in particular for preventing and/or treating dry keratinous substances, in particular dry epidermides, such as the skin or scalp, comprising, in a physiologically acceptable carrier, at least an effective amount of a lysate of at least one microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium species and/or one of its fractions, in combination with an effective amount of at least one moisturizing active principle in particular as described below.

Urea and its derivatives are very particularly suitable as such.

According to an alternative embodiment of the disclosure, the lysate according to the disclosure can be administered by the oral route.

According to another alternative embodiment of the disclosure, the lysate according to the disclosure can be administered by the topical route.

As specified below, the compositions comprising it are formulated in order to be compatible with the method of administration selected.

The term “effective amount” is understood to mean, within the meaning of the present disclosure, an amount sufficient to produce the expected effect.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Dry Skin

As indicated above, dry skin is essentially expressed by a feeling of tightness and/or tension. The skin is also rough to the touch and appears covered with squamae. When the skin is slightly dry, these squamae are profuse but not very visible to the naked eye. They becomes less numerous but increasingly visible to the naked eye when this disorder worsens.

In the scalp, the formation of such dry squamae or dandruff is symptomatic of a dry dandruff state.

With respect to the scalp, the dry dandruff states are chronic, frequent, recurring and socially disabling states. Stress and the winter period reinforce these states in the majority of the individuals. The integrity and homeostasis of the scalp are regulated by an assembly of parameters including sebum secretion and the intra-individual sensitivity.

Thus, during dandruff states of the scalp, the cutaneous barrier, its integrity and its ecological flora are unbalanced.

The skin of the scalp is irritated, and pruriginous, fragile, less hydrated and develops significant desquamation which is reflected a dry dandruff state.

A dry dandruff state is different from a greasy dandruff state.

The former is reflected in particular by the presence of white or grey squamae, dry and of small size, whereas the latter is characterized by greasy, large and yellow squamae. The origin of this cutaneous dryness can be of constitutional or acquired type.

In the case of constitutional dry skin, it is possible to distinguish two categories: pathologic skin and nonpathologic skin.

Pathologic constitutional dry skin is represented essentially by atopic dermatitis and ichthyoses. It is virtually independent of the external conditions.

Atopic dermatitis is described as associated with a deficiency in the metabolism of the lipids of the stratum corneum and in particular of the ceramides. This pathology presents itself in the form of a more or less chronic xerosis affecting a large expanse of the body, associated or not associated with inflammatory and pruriginous eruptions by patches.

Atopic dermatitides are also described as chronic inflammatory pathologies of the skin, often coexisting with other atopic pathologies, such as rhinitis, conjunctivitides and allergic asthma. In the majority of cases, atopic dermatitis is reflected by dry skin associated with dysfunctionings of the epidermal barrier. An increase in imperceptible water loss is nearly always encountered.

Thus, the barrier function of the skin is detrimentally affected not only on the parts affected by eczema but also with regard to noninflammatory dry skin. This detrimental change accordingly facilitates the penetration of various substances from the environment into the skin.

What is more, colonisation of the skin by Staphylococcus aureus strains is generally correlated with atopic dermatitis.

Ichthyoses are pathologies characterized by a genetic deficiency which affects the keratinization process at various stages. They are manifested by significant desquamation by patches.

The pathologic constitutional dry skin concerned according to the disclosure is more particularly dry skin or dry scalp of noninflammatory origin.

In the case of nonpathologic constitutional dry skin, the severity of the state of dryness can, for its part, depend on external factors. Senile skin (characterized by a general reduction in cutaneous metabolism with age), fragile skin (very sensitive to external factors and often accompanied by erythema and rosacea) and xerosis vulgaris (of probable genetic origin and manifesting itself predominantly on the face, limbs and back of the hands) come within this skin category.

In the case of acquired dry skin, the involvement of external parameters, such as exposure to chemical agents, to difficult climatic conditions, to solar radiation or alternatively certain therapeutic treatments (retinoids, for example), is determining. Under these external influences, the epidermis can then become temporarily and locally dry. This can concern any type of epidermis.

Thus, cutaneous dryness can also be induced by an exogenous stress of chemical origin, for example of peeling type, or also of mechanical origin (rubbing, shaving).

It should be remembered that a peeling operation consists essentially in applying a chemical substance to the skin with the aim of bringing about limited and controlled destruction of the epidermis and of the surface layers of the dermis in order to improve certain disorders of the appearance of the skin.

At the same time as the peelings which may be described as chemical from the viewpoint of the chemical products which they employ, a technology involving the use of ablative and nonablative laser beams has also been developed.

The first ablative laser beams, produced with pulsed or scanned CO₂ lasers, have the immediate effect of vaporizing (or ablating) the epidermis and often the upper part of the dermis. A strip of the underlying dermis is generally also the site of thermal injury with denaturation and contraction of the collagen. During the healing phase, reepithelization occurs starting from the hair follicles and other adnexa in addition to an upper dermal strip (“remodelling of the collagen”).

The latest generation of lasers uses a system of conversion of the laser beam into a multitude of beams spaced out from one another in order to produce, on the skin, impacts spaced out from one another, thus maintaining, between the affected areas, areas of healthy skin not detrimentally changed.

For obvious reasons, peeling thus has an action which, although controlled, remains irritating with regard to the surface of the epidermis and liable to induce cutaneous dryness.

The compositions, methods and uses according to the disclosure thus prove to be very particularly effective:

-   -   in treating states of cutaneous dryness, squamous states and in         particular dry dandruff states,     -   in treating dry skin,     -   in treating itching and/or tightness associated with dry skin,     -   in treating cutaneous disorders related to a deficiency in         excretion and/or secretion of sebum,     -   in physiologically restoring a suitable state of hydration to         the stratum corneum,     -   in treating hyposeborrhoeic dry skin,     -   in stimulating sebogenesis,     -   in preventing and/or reducing wrinkles related to cutaneous         dryness,     -   in improving the comfort of dry skin and a dry scalp, and in         particular dry dandruff states,     -   in combating the dull and/or lifeless appearance of the skin as         a consequence of it drying out,     -   in treating dry keratinous fibres,     -   in treating skin which has been subjected to a drying exogenous         stress induced by a chemical product, such as a peeling         composition, for example, or induced by peeling by radiation or         also induced mechanically, in particular by rubbing, for example         in shaving.

When the keratinous substances are human or animal keratinous fibres, such as the hair, body hairs and/or eyelashes, the active principle under consideration according to the disclosure proves to be particularly advantageous in preventing and/or treating the expression of signs of weakness, such as, for example, the dryness which is generally reflected by a brittle aspect of the fibre. It thus makes it possible to confer a glossy appearance on the keratinous fibres, in particular on human hair and on the coats of animals.

According to one embodiment of the disclosure, a lysate of microorganisms in accordance with the disclosure is not employed as agent for inhibiting adhesion of the pathogenic flora of the skin.

Microorganisms

As specified above, the microorganisms of the genus Bifidobacterium species used as active principles according to the disclosure are employed in the form of a lysate.

A lysate commonly denotes a material obtained on conclusion of the destruction or dissolution of biological cells by a “cell lysis” phenomenon, thus resulting in the release of the intracellular biological constituents naturally present in the cells of the microorganism under consideration.

Within the meaning of the present disclosure, the term “lysate” is used without distinction to denote the whole of the lysate obtained by lysis of the microorganism concerned or only a fraction of the latter.

The lysate employed is thus formed all or in part of the intracellular biological constituents and of the wall and cell membrane constituents.

More specifically, it comprises the cell cytoplasmic fraction including enzymes, such as lactic acid dehydrogenase, phosphatases, phosphoketolases and transaldolases. By way of illustration, the constituents of the cell walls are in particular peptidoglycan, murein or mucopeptide and teichoic acid and the constituents of the cell membranes are compounds of glycerophospholipid.

This cell lysis can be accomplished by various technologies, such as, for example, osmotic shock, heat shock, with ultrasound, or also under mechanical stress of centrifuging type, for example.

More particularly, this lysate can be obtained according to technology described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,464,362 and in particular according to the following protocol.

The microorganism of Bifidobacterium species type under consideration is cultured anaerobically in an appropriate culture medium, for example according to the conditions described in the documents U.S. Pat. No. 4,464,362 and EP 43 128. When the stationary phase of the development is reached, the culture medium can be inactivated by pasteurization, for example at a temperature of 60 to 65° C. for 30 min. The microorganisms are then collected by a conventional separation technique, for example membrane filtration or centrifuging, and resuspended in a sterile physiological NaCl solution.

The lysate can be obtained by disintegrating such a medium using ultrasound in order to release therefrom the cytoplasmic fractions, the cell wall fragments and the products resulting from the metabolism. Then all the components in their natural distribution are subsequently stabilized in a weakly acidic aqueous solution.

A concentration of the order of 0.1 to 50% by weight, in particular of 1 to 20% by weight and especially of approximately 5% by weight of active material(s), with respect to the total weight of the lysate, is thus generally obtained.

The lysate can be employed in different forms, in the form of a solution or in a pulverulent form.

The microorganism belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium species is more particularly chosen from the species: Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium lactis, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium adolescentis or Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum and their mixtures.

The species Bifidobacterium longum is very particularly suitable for the disclosure.

Within the meaning of the disclosure, the term “fraction” more particularly denotes a fragment of the said microorganism which is effective in the treatment of dry epidermides by analogy with the said whole microorganism.

The product sold under the name Repair Complex CLR® by K. RICHTER GmbH, which is formed of an inactivated lysate of the species Bifidobacterium longum, comes within the scope of the disclosure.

The active principle forming the lysate belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium species can be formulated in a proportion of at least 0.0001% by weight (expressed as dry weight), in particular in a proportion of 0.001 to 20% by weight and more particularly in a proportion of 0.001 to 2% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the carrier or of the composition comprising it.

In the specific case where the microorganism(s) is (are) formulated in compositions to be administered by the oral route, the concentration of microorganism(s), in particular probiotic microorganism(s), can be adjusted so as to correspond to doses (expressed as microorganism equivalent) varying from 5×10² to 10¹³ ufc/d and in particular from 10⁵ to 10¹¹ ufc/d.

According to an alternative form of the disclosure, this lysate is employed in combination with another microorganism.

Thus, the compositions according to the disclosure can in addition advantageously comprise at least one additional microorganism, in particular of probiotic type, and/or one of its fractions and/or one of its metabolites.

Within the meaning of the present disclosure, the term “probiotic microorganism” is understood to mean a living microorganism which, when it is consumed in an appropriate amount, has a positive effect on the health of its host, “Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Evaluation of Health and Nutritional Properties of Probiotic in Food Including Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria, 6 Oct. 2001”, and which can in particular improve the intestinal microbial balance.

These microorganisms which are suitable for the disclosure can be chosen in particular from the Ascomycetes, such as Saccharomyces, Yarrowia, Kluyveromyces, Torulaspora, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Debaromyces, Candida, Pichia, Aspergillus and Penicillium, bacteria of the genus Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Melissococcus, Propionibacterium, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Staphylococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Bacillus, Pediococcus, Micrococcus, Leuconostoc, Weissella, Aerococcus, Oenococcus and Lactobacillus, and their mixtures.

Mention may in particular be made, as Ascomycetes which are particularly suitable for the present disclosure, of Yarrowia lipolitica and Kluyveromyces lactis, as well as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Torulaspora, Schizosaccharamyces pombe, Candida and Pichia.

Specific examples of probiotic microorganisms are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus alimentarius, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus delbruckii subsp. Lactis, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Lactobacillus GG), Lactobacillus sake, Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Staphylococccus carnosus, and Staphylococcus xylosus and their mixtures.

More particularly, they are probiotic microorganisms resulting from the group of the lactic bacteria, such as, in particular, the Lactobacillus species. Mention may more particularly be made, by way of illustration of these lactic bacteria, of Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and their mixtures.

As specified above, the additional microorganism may or may not be the same species as that forming the lysate. However, when it is the same species, it is then present in a form other than a lysate, for example in a living form.

The species which are very particularly suitable are Lactobacillus johnsonii, in particular the strain deposited according to the Treaty of Budapest with the Institut Pasteur (28 rue du Docteur Roux, F-75024 Paris cedex 15) under the following designation CNCM I-1225.

Generally, the compositions according to the disclosure generally comprise from 0.0001 to 20%, in particular from 0.001 to 15% and more particularly from 0.1 to 10% of one or more additional microorganisms, in particular probiotic microorganisms.

This or these microorganism(s) can be included in the compositions according to the disclosure in a living, semi-active or inactivated, or dead form.

It/they can also be included in the form of fractions of cell components. The microorganism(s) or fraction(s) can also be introduced in the form of a powder, of a liquid, of a culture supernatant or one of its fractions, diluted or undiluted, or also concentrated or nonconcentrated.

In the case where the microorganisms are formulated in a composition in a living form, the amount of living microorganisms can vary from 10³ to 10¹⁵ ufc/g, in particular from 10⁵ to 10¹⁵ ufc/g and more particularly from 10⁷ to 10¹² ufc/g of microorganisms per gram of composition.

The compositions according to the disclosure can be provided in all the formulation forms normally available for the method of administration selected.

The carrier can be of various natures, depending on the type of composition under consideration.

As regards more particularly the compositions intended for administration by the external topical route, that is to say at the surface of a keratinous substance, such as the skin, they can be aqueous, aqueous/alcoholic or oily solutions, dispersions of the type of solutions or dispersions of the lotion or serum type, emulsions of a liquid or semi-liquid consistency of the milk type, obtained by dispersion of a fatty phase in an aqueous phase (O/W) or vice versa (W/O), or of suspensions or emulsions of the cream type, aqueous or anhydrous gels, microemulsions, microcapsules, microparticles or vesicular dispersions of ionic and/or nonionic type.

These compositions are prepared according to the usual methods.

These compositions can in particular constitute cleansing, protecting, treating or care creams for the face, for the hands, for the feet, for the major anatomical folds or for the body (for example, day creams, night creams, make-up-removing creams, cream foundations or sun creams), make-up products, such as liquid foundations, make-up-removing milks, protective or care body milks, aftersun milks, lotions, gels or foams for caring for the skin, such as cleansing or disinfecting lotions, sun lotions, artificial tanning lotions, bath compositions, deodorant compositions comprising a bactericidal agent, aftershave gels or lotions, depilatory creams or compositions for combating insect stings and bites.

The compositions according to the disclosure can also consist of solid preparations constituting cleansing soaps or bars.

They can also be used for the scalp in the form of solutions, creams, gels, emulsions or foams or also in the form of aerosol compositions also comprising a pressurized propellant.

When the composition of the disclosure is an emulsion, the proportion of the fatty phase can range from 5 to 80% by weight and preferably from 5 to 50% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition. The oils, the emulsifiers and the coemulsifiers used in the composition in the form of an emulsion are chosen from those conventionally used in the cosmetic and/or dermatological field. The emulsifier and the coemulsifier can be present in the composition in a proportion ranging from 0.3 to 30% by weight and preferably from 0.5 to 20% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition.

When the composition of the disclosure is an oily solution or gel, the fatty phase can represent more than 90% of the total weight of the composition.

In a known way, the formulation forms intended for topical administration can also comprise adjuvants which are normal in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and/or dermatological field, such as hydrophilic or lipophilic gelling agents, hydrophilic or lipophilic active principles, preservatives, antioxidants, solvents, fragrances, fillers, screening agents, bactericides, odour absorbers and colouring materials. The amounts of these various adjuvants are those conventionally used in the field under consideration, for example from 0.01 to 20% of the total weight of the composition. These adjuvants, depending on their nature, can be introduced into the fatty phase and/or into the aqueous phase.

Mention may be made, as fatty substances which can be used in the disclosure, of mineral oils, such as, for example, hydrogenated polyisobutene and liquid petrolatum, vegetable oils, such as, for example, a liquid fraction of shea butter, sunflower oil and apricot kernel oil, animal oils, such as, for example, perhydrosqualene, synthetic oils, in particular Purcellin oil, isopropyl myristate and ethylhexyl palmitate, unsaturated fatty acids and fluorinated oils, such as, for example, perfluoropolyethers. Use may also be made of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, such as, for example, stearic acid, and such as, for example, waxes, in particular paraffin wax, carnauba wax and beeswax. Use may also be made of silicone compounds, such as silicone oils, for example cyclomethicones and dimethicones, silicone waxes, silicone resins and silicone gums.

Mention may be made, as emulsifiers which can be used in the disclosure, for example, of glyceryl stearate, polysorbate 60, the cetearyl alcohol/oxyethylenated cetearyl alcohol comprising 33 mol of ethylene oxide mixture sold under the name Sinnowax AO® by Henkel, the PEG-6/PEG-32/Glycol Stearate mixture sold under the name Tefose® 63 by Gattefossé, PPG-3 myristyl ether, silicone emulsifiers, such as cetyl dimethicone copolyol, and sorbitan mono- or tristearate, PEG-40 stearate or oxyethylenated (20 EO) sorbitan monostearate.

Mention may be made, as solvents which can be used in the disclosure, of lower alcohols, in particular ethanol and isopropanol, or propylene glycol.

The composition of the disclosure can also advantageously comprise a thermal and/or mineral water chosen in particular from water from Vittel, water from the Vichy basin and water from La Roche Posay.

Mention may be made, as hydrophilic gelling agents, of carboxyl polymers, such as carbomer, acrylic copolymers, such as acrylate/alkylacrylate copolymers, polyacrylamides, in particular the mixture of polyacrylamide, C13-14 Isoparaffin and Laureth-7 sold under the name Sepigel 305® by SEPPIC, polysaccharides, such as cellulose derivatives, for example hydroxyalkylcelluloses, in particular hydroxypropylcellulose and hydroxyethylcellulose, natural gums, such as guar, locust bean and xanthan gums, and clays.

Mention may be made, as lipophilic gelling agents, of modified clays, such as bentones, metal salts of fatty acids, such as aluminium stearates, and hydrophobic silica, or also ethylcellulose and polyethylene.

In the case of the use of a combination in accordance with the disclosure by the oral route, use of an ingestible carrier is favoured.

Milk, yogurt, cheese, fermented milks, milk-based fermented products, ice creams, products based on fermented cereals, milk-based powders, formulas for children and infants, foodstuffs of confectionery, chocolate or cereal type, foods for animals, in particular domestic animals, tablets, including compressed tablets, hard gelatin capsules, oral supplements in a dry form and oral supplements in the liquid form are suitable in particular as dietary or pharmaceutical carriers.

Numerous embodiments of oral compositions and in particular of food supplements are possible for ingestion. They are formulated by standard processes for producing tablets, including sugar-coated tablets, capsules, including hard gelatin capsules, gels or emulsions. In particular, the active principle(s) according to the disclosure can be incorporated in any other form of food supplement or enriched food, for example food bars, or compacted or uncompacted powders. The powders can be diluted with water or in fizzy drinks, dairy products or soya derivatives or can be incorporated in food bars.

According to a specific embodiment, the additional microorganisms under consideration according to the disclosure can be formulated in compositions in an encapsulated form, so as to significantly improve their lifetime. In such a case, the presence of a capsule can in particular slow down or prevent the decomposition of the microorganism in the gastrointestinal tract.

Of course, the topical or oral compositions or the combinations according to the disclosure can additionally comprise several other active principles.

Mention may be made, as active principles conventionally employed, of vitamins B3, B5, B6, B8, C, E or PP, niacin, carotenoids, polyphenols and minerals, such as zinc, calcium, magnesium, and the like.

In particular, use may be made of an antioxidant complex comprising vitamins C and E and at least one carotenoid, in particular a carotenoid chosen from β-carotene, lycopene, astaxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein, flavonoids, such as catechins, hesperidin, proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins.

At least one prebiotic or one mixture of prebiotics may also be involved. More particularly, these prebiotics can be chosen from oligosaccharides, produced from glucose, galactose, xylose, maltose, sucrose, lactose, starch, xylan, hemicellulose, inulin, gums of acacia type, for example, or one of their mixtures. More particularly, the oligosaccharide comprises at least one fructooligosaccharide. More particularly, this prebiotic can comprise a mixture of fructooligosaccharide and of inulin.

In the topical formulation forms, use may more particularly be made, as hydrophilic active principles, of proteins or protein hydrolysates, amino acids, polyols, in particular C₂ to C₁₀ polyols, such as glycerol, sorbitol, butylene glycol and polyethylene glycol, urea, allantoin, sugars and sugar derivatives, water-soluble vitamins, starch, or bacterial or plant extracts, such as those of aloe vera.

As regards the lipophilic active principles, use may be made of retinol (vitamin A) and its derivatives, tocopherol (vitamin E) and its derivatives, ceramides, essential oils and nonsaponifiable materials (tocotrienol, sesamin, γ-oryzanol, phytosterols, squalenes, waxes or terpenes).

According to one embodiment, a composition of the disclosure is devoid of vitamin A.

According to an alternative form of the disclosure, the lysate in accordance with the disclosure can be employed in a topical composition with an agent which is active with regard to the epidermides, in particular dry epidermides.

Mention may in particular be made, by way of illustration and without implied limitation of such active principles, of moisturizing active principles.

The term “moisturizing active principle” is understood to mean:

-   -   either a compound which influences the barrier function, for the         purpose of maintaining the hydration of the stratum corneum, or         an occlusive compound. Mention may be made of ceramides,         sphingoid-based compounds, lecithins, glycosphingolipids,         phospholipids, cholesterol and its derivatives, phytosterols         (stigmasterol, β-sitosterol or campesterol), essential fatty         acids, 1-2-diacylglycerol, 4-chromanone, pentacyclic         triterpenes, petrolatum and lanolin;     -   or a compound which directly increases the water content of the         stratum corneum, such as urea and its derivatives, trehalose and         its derivatives, hyaluronic acid and its derivatives, glycerol,         pentanediol, pidolates, serine, xylitol, lactic acid and sodium         lactate, glyceryl polyacrylate, ectoine and its derivatives,         chitosan, oligo- and polysaccharides, cyclic carbonates,         N-lauroylpyrrolidonecarboxylic acid and N-α-benzoyl-L-arginine;     -   or a compound which activates the sebaceous glands, such as         steroidal derivatives (including DHEA) and vitamin D and its         derivatives.

These compounds can represent from 0.001% to 30% and preferably from 0.01 to 20% of the total weight of the composition according to the disclosure.

Mention may more particularly be made, by way of illustration of the urea derivatives, of the (hydroxyalkyl)urea derivatives, in particular derivatives described in the document FR 2 877 222.

Consideration may also be given, as active principles capable of being more particularly combined with the lysate in an oral formulation formula, to all the ingredients commonly used and/or authorized.

Mention may be made, by way of illustration, of vitamins, minerals, essential lipids, trace elements, polyphenols, flavonoids, phyto-oestrogens, antioxidants, such as lipoic acid and coenzyme Q10, carotenoids, prebiotics, proteins and amino acids, mono- and polysaccharides, amino sugars, phytosterols and triterpene alcohols of plant origin.

They are in particular vitamins A, C, D, E, PP and of the group B. The choice has preferably been made, among carotenoids, of β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeazanthin and astaxanthin. The minerals and trace elements particularly employed are zinc, calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, iodine, manganese, selenium or chromium(III). The selection is also in particular made, among polyphenols, of grape, tea, olive, cocoa, coffee, potato, blueberry, elder, strawberry, cranberry and onion polyphenols. The selection is preferably made, among phyto-oestrogens, of isoflavones in the free or glycosylated form, such as genistein, daidzein or glycitein, or lignans, in particular those of flax and Schisandra chinensis. Amino acids or the peptides and the proteins comprising them, such as taurine, threonine, cysteine, tryptophan or methionine. The lipids preferably belong to the group of the oils comprising mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic, linoleic, α-linolenic, γ-linolenic or stearidonic acids, long-chain fish ω-3 fatty acids, such as EPA and DHA, or conjugated fatty acids resulting from plant or animals, such as CLAs (Conjugated Linoleic Acid).

The cosmetic treatment method of the disclosure can be employed in particular by administering the cosmetic and/or dermatological compositions or the combinations as defined above according to the usual technique for the use of these compositions. For example: applications of creams, gels, serums, lotions, make-up-removing milks or aftersun compositions to the keratinous substance, such as dry skin or hair, or application of a hair lotion to wet hair or of shampoos as regards the topical application.

The cosmetic method according to the disclosure can thus be employed by topical administration, for example daily, of the lysate under consideration according to the disclosure.

The method according to the disclosure can comprise a single administration. According to another embodiment, the administration is repeated, for example 2 to 3 times daily over a day or more and generally over a prolonged period of time of at least 4 weeks, indeed even 4 to 15 weeks, with, if appropriate, one or more periods of interruption.

In the description and in the following examples, unless otherwise indicated, the percentages are percentages by weight and the ranges of values worded in the form “between . . . and . . . ” include the lower and upper limits specified. The ingredients are mixed, before they are formed, in the order and under conditions easily determined by a person skilled in the art.

The following examples are presented by way of illustration and without implied limitation of the field of the disclosure.

EXAMPLE 1

Milk for the care of dry skin of the face % by weight Magnesium chloride 3.00 Calcium ascorbate 3.00 Bifidobacterium longum lysate CLR (Repair Complex 10.00** CLR ®)* Glyceryl stearate 1.00 Cetearyl alcohol/oxyethylenated cetearyl alcohol 3.00 comprising 30 mol of EO (Sinnowax AO ®, sold by Henkel) Cetyl alcohol 1.00 Dimethicone (DC 200 Fluid ® sold by Dow Corning) 1.00 Liquid petrolatum 6.00 Isopropyl myristate (Estol IMP 1514 ®, sold by Uniqema) 3.00 Antioxidant 0.05 Glycerol 20.00 Preservative 0.30 Water q.s. for 100 *Repair Complex CLR ®, sold by K. Richter GmbH and corresponding to a formulation comprising 5% by weight of active principles **amount expressed as total product

EXAMPLE 2

Milk for the care of dry skin of the face % by weight Magnesium ascorbate 3.00 Blackcurrant seed oil 4.00 Borage oil 4.00 Inactivated Lactobacillus johnsonii powder 5.00 Bifidobacterium longum lysate CLR (Repair Complex 10.00** CLR ®)* Glyceryl stearate 1.00 Cetearyl alcohol/oxyethylenated cetearyl alcohol 3.00 comprising 3 mol of EO (Sinnowax AO ®, sold by Henkel) Cetyl alcohol 1.00 Dimethicone (DC 200 Fluid ®, sold by Dow Corning) 1.00 Liquid petrolatum 6.00 Isopropyl myristate (Estol IPM 1514 ®, sold by Uniqema) 3.00 Glycerol 20.00 Preservative 0.30 Water q.s. for 100 *Repair Complex CLR ®, sold by K. Richter GmbH and corresponding to a formulation comprising 5% by weight of active principles **amount expressed as total product

EXAMPLE 3

Lotion for the scalp % by weight Bifidobacterium longum lysate CLR (Repair Complex 5.00** CLR ®)* Antioxidant 0.05 Isopropanol 40.0 Preservative 0.30 Water q.s for 100 *Repair Complex CLR ® sold by K. Richter GmbH and corresponding to a formulation comprising 5% by weight of active principles **amount expressed as total product

EXAMPLE 4

Milk for the care of the scalp % by weight Bifidobacterium longum (lysate CLR) (Repair Complex 5.00** CLR ®)* Glyceryl stearate 1.00 Cetearyl alcohol/oxyethylenated cetearyl alcohol 3.00 comprising 30 mol of EO (Sinnowax AO ®, sold by Henkel) Cetyl alcohol 1.00 Dimethicone (DC 200 Fluid ® sold by Dow Corning) 1.00 Liquid petrolatum 6.00 Isopropyl myristate (Estol IMP 1514 ® sold by Uniqema) 3.00 Antioxidant 0.05 Preservative 0.30 Water q.s. for 100 *Repair Complex CLR ® sold by K. Richter GmbH and corresponding to a formulation comprising 5% by weight of active principles **amount expressed as total product

EXAMPLE 5

Gel for the care of the scalp % by weight Bifidobacterium longum (lysate CLR) (Repair Complex 5.00** CLR ®)* Hydroxypropylcellulose (Klucel H ®, sold by Hercules) 1.00 Vitamin E 2.50 Antioxidant 0.05 Isopropanol 40.00 Preservative 0.30 Water q.s. for 100 *Repair Complex CLR ® sold by K. Richter GmbH and corresponding to a formulation comprising 5% by weight of active principles **amount expressed as total product

EXAMPLE 6

Cream for the care of the scalp % by weight Arachidyl behenyl alcohol/arachidyl glucoside 3.0 Isohexadecane 7.0 Bifidobacterium longum (lysate CLR) (Repair Complex 5.00** CLR ®)* Glycerol 2.0 Vitreoscilla filiformis extract 3.0 BHT 0.05 Methyl POB 0.1 Propyl POB 0.05 Water q.s. for 100 *Repair Complex CLR ® sold by K. Richter GmbH and corresponding to a formulation comprising 5% by weight of active principles **amount expressed as total product

EXAMPLE 7

Gel for the care of the hair % by weight Bifidobacterium longum (lysate CLR) (Repair Complex 5.00** CLR ®)* Copper citrate 2.00 Vitreoscilla filiformis extract 3.00 Antioxidant 0.05 Vitamin C 2.50 Antioxidant 0.05 Isopropanol 40.00 Preservative 0.30 Water q.s. for 100 *Repair Complex CLR ® sold by K. Richter GmbH and corresponding to a formulation comprising 5% by weight of active principles **amount expressed as total product

EXAMPLE 8

Lotion for the face % by weight Bifidobacterium longum lysate (Repair Complex CLR ®)* 5.00** Antiinflammatory 0.05 Antioxidant 0.05 Isopropanol 40.0 Preservative 0.30 Water q.s. for 100 *Repair Complex CLR ® sold by K. Richter GmbH and corresponding to a formulation comprising 5% by weight of active principles **amount expressed as total product

EXAMPLE 9

Gel for the care of the face % by weight Bifidobacterium longum lysate (Repair Complex CLR ®)* 5.00** Hydroxypropylcellulose (Klucel H ®, sold by Hercules) 1.00 Vitamin E 2.50 Antioxidant 0.05 Isopropanol 40.00 Preservative 0.30 Water q.s. for 100 *Repair Complex CLR ® sold by K. Richter GmbH and corresponding to a formulation comprising 5% by weight of active principles **amount expressed as total product

EXAMPLE 10

Cream for the care of the face % by weight Arachidyl behenyl alcohol/arachidyl glucoside 3.0 Isohexadecane 7.0 Bifidobacterium longum lysate (Repair Complex CLR ®)* 5.00** Glycerol 2.0 Vitreoscilla filiformis extract 3.0 BHT 0.05 Methyl POB 0.1 Propyl POB 0.05 Water q.s. for 100 *Repair Complex CLR ® sold by K. Richter GmbH and corresponding to a formulation comprising 5% by weight of active principles **amount expressed as total product

EXAMPLE 11

Gel for the care of the face % by weight Vitreoscilla filiformis extract 3.00 Bifidobacterium longum lysate (Repair Complex CLR ®)* 5.00** Antioxidant 0.05 Vitamin C 2.50 Antioxidant 0.05 Isopropanol 40.00 Preservative 0.30 Water q.s. for 100 *Repair Complex CLR ® sold by K. Richter GmbH and corresponding to a formulation comprising 5% by weight of active principles **amount expressed as total product

EXAMPLE 12

Evaluation of the Dryness of Subjects Treated with a Bifidobacterium Lysate.

The product tested is a Bifidobacterium longum lysate in disintegrated (with ultrasound) suspension in a weakly acidic aqueous medium, sold under the name Repair Complex CLR®.

The active principle was tested alone in a randomized double blind study.

Sixty-six women exhibiting dry skin were divided into two groups, placebo (n=33, group A), Repair Complex CLR® (n=33 group B). The treatments were applied topically for 58 days, the active principle being formulated at 10% of the test formulation. This carrier formulation is an Arlacel/myrj® oil/demineralized water emulsion comprising 5% Parleam, 15% cyclopentasiloxane, 3% glycerol and 2% petrolatum.

In the placebo formulation, the absence of Repair Complex CLR® is compensated for with water.

The subjects were evaluated at D1, D29, D43 and D57. On each visit, evaluations of the dryness of the legs were carried out by the dermatologist and by self-evaluation by the subjects according to the forms specified below.

The investigating dermatologist evaluated on each visit the cutaneous dryness of the area studied (the external face of the right leg) according to a squama from 0 to 3 with regard to the following criteria: 0=skin not dry, 1=slight dryness (slight roughness), 2=moderate dryness (moderate roughness, a few squamas), 3=severe dryness (significant roughness and desquamation).

Furthermore, the investigating dermatologist, on each visit, asked the subject for a self-evaluation of the state of cutaneous dryness of her legs according to the following squama from 0 to 5: 0=not at all; 1=very slightly; 2=slightly; 3=moderately; 4=strongly; 5=very strongly.

At the same time, the change in various cutaneous markers was studied by proteomics.

A sample is withdrawn from the external face of the leg at times D1, D29, D43 and D57 by varnish stripping in order to withdraw only a portion of the stratum corneum, i.e. at most 4 to 5 layers of stratum corneum.

A 41 μm filter, type NY41 Millipore, nylon cloth (5×5 cm) is applied to a predefined area of the left leg. A transparent varnish with reference 614254/T.D., comprising: nitrocellulose 6.86 g; isopropanol 2.94 g; hypoallergenic alkyl resin 7.35 g; tributyl acetylcitrate 7.7 g; ethyl acetate 75.15 g; is then spread using a brush (15 mm) and then left to dry for 15 min. The nylon cloth is subsequently recovered using tweezers, the varnish strip being torn off with a sharp movement.

The varnish strips are stored flat at −20° C. in plastic bags.

These withdrawn samples of skin (stratum corneum varnish strips) were subsequently analysed by proteomics in order to evaluate the expression of various proteins according to the method described by Zieske (J. Exp. Bot., 2006, 547:1501) and Wiesse et al., (Proteomics, 2007, 7:340).

Results

a) By Clinical Scoring

The forms of the score of cutaneous dryness, expressed as percentage, per visit and treatment are represented in Table 1 below. The groups are comparable at day 1 (p=0.8677).

An improvement over time is observed in both groups, which improvement is more marked for the group being treated with the topical formulation comprising 10% of Repair Complex CLR® and very particularly at D29.

TABLE 1 Clinical Legs 0 1 2 3 Total A Time D1 Participants 0 0 21 11 32 % over time .0% .0% 65.6% 34.4% 100.0% D15 Participants 7 8 15 2 32 % over time 21.9% 25.0% 46.9% 6.3% 100.0% D29 Participants 4 18 7 1 30 % over time 13.3% 60.0% 23.3% 3.3% 100.0% D43 Participants 8 15 3 3 29 % over time 27.6% 51.7% 10.3% 10.3% 100.0% D57 Participants 13 10 4 1 28 % over time 46.4% 35.7% 14.3% 3.6% 100.0% Total Participants 32 51 50 18 151 % over time 21.2% 33.8% 33.1% 11.9% 100.0% B Time D1 Participants 0 0 21 10 31 % over time .0% .0% 67.7% 32.3% 100.0% D15 Participants 5 16 9 0 30 % over time 16.7% 53.3% 30.0% .0% 100.0% DJ29 Participants 8 19 3 0 30 % over time 26.7% 63.3% 10.0% .0% 100.0% D43 Participants 3 24 2 1 30 % over time 10.0% 80.0% 6.7% 3.3% 100.0% D57 Participants 11 15 4 0 30 % over time 36.7% 50.0% 13.3% .0% 100.0% Total Participants 27 74 39 11 151 % over time 17.9% 49.0% 25.8% 7.3% 100.0%

The reduction in the clinical score for dryness over time appears to be very significant (Chi-Square test, p<0.0001). Thus, a significant difference is observed between the groups at D29 (one-sided Chi-square test; p=0.0612) in favour of the treatment with the topical formulation comprising 10% of Repair Complex CLR®.

b) By Self-Evaluation

The forms of the score for self-evaluated cutaneous dryness, expressed as percentage, per visit and treatment are represented in Table 2 below. The groups are comparable at D1 (p=0.3945).

An improvement over time is observed in both groups, which improvement proves to be more marked for the group treated with the topical formulation comprising 10% of Repair Complex CLR®, particularly at D29, in a way comparable to what had been observed for the clinical score.

TABLE 2 Legs rando 0 1 2 3 4 5 Total A Time D1 Participants 0 0 2 9 15 6 32 % over time .0% .0% 6.3% 28.1% 46.9% 18.8% 100.0% D15 Participants 2 11 6 11 2 0 32 % over time 6.3% 3.4% 18.8% 34.4% 6.3% .0% 100.0% D29 Participants 4 6 9 11 0 0 30 % over time 13.3% 20.0% 30.0% 36.7% .0% .0% 100.0% D43 Participants 5 9 9 5 1 0 29 % over time 17.2% 31.0% 31.0% 17.2% 3.4% .0% 100.0% D57 Participants 6 7 9 5 1 0 28 % over time 21.4% 25.0% 32.1% 17.9% 3.6% .0% 100.0% Total Participants 17 33 35 41 19 6 151 % over time 11.3% 21.9% 23.2% 27.2% 12.6% 4.0% 100.0% B Time D1 Participants 0 0 5 10 9 7 31 % over time .0% .0% 16.1% 32.3% 29.0% 22.6% 100.0% D15 Participants 6 5 10 6 3 0 30 % over time 20.0% 16.7% 33.3% 20.0% 10.0% .0% 100.0% D29 Participants 8 9 7 5 1 0 30 % over time 26.7% 30.0% 23.3% 16.7% 3.3% .0% 100.0% D43 Participants 6 13 8 3 0 0 30 % over time 20.0% 43.3% 26.7% 10.0% .0% .0% 100.0% D57 Participants 8 14 5 3 0 0 30 % over time 26.7% 46.7% 16.7% 10.0% .0% .0% 100.0% Total Participants 28 41 35 27 13 7 151 % over time 18.5% 27.2% 23.2% 17.9% 8.6% 4.6% 100.0%

The groups were compared on the different visits. A significant difference is observed between the groups at D29 (one-sided Chi-square test; p=0.0561) in favour of the group treated with the topical formulation comprising 10% of Repair Complex CLR®.

c) Analysis by Proteomics

The results of the analysis by proteomics showed that the Bifidobacterium longum lysate stimulates the expression of various proteins which defend the epidermis from microorganisms such as the RNase 7, the dermcidin, the prolactin inducible protein (PiP), the proteins S100 A8 and A9, the histone protein of certain proteases involved in the phenomenon of desquamation (KLK7, KLK5, Cathepsin L2), while other proteins reflecting the metabolic immatunity of the cutaneous barrier see the decrease of their expression (Bleomycin hydrolase, Enolase 1, TP1, GAPDH).

The defense properties of the skin against dryness are therefore strengthened.

CONCLUSION

For the dryness of the legs (both by the clinical study and the self-evaluations), a significant reduction is observed at D29 and, overall, after 2 months, a tendency towards reduction is observed for the subjects who have been treated with the topical formulation comprising 10% of Repair Complex CLR®.

Although the present disclosure herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present disclosure. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. 

1. A cosmetic and/or dermatological composition for preventing and/or treating dry keratinous substances, comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium, at least an effective amount of a lysate of at least one microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium in combination with at least an effective amount of at least one additional microorganism, and/or one of its fractions and/or one of its metabolites, distinct from the said lysate.
 2. The composition according to claim 1, in which the microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium is selected from the group consisting of Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium lactis, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, and mixtures thereof.
 3. The composition according to claim 1, in which the said lysate is at least 0.0001% by weight (expressed as dry weight) of the total weight of the said composition.
 4. The composition according to claim 1, in which the said additional microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Ascomycetes, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Melissococcus, Propionibacterium, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Staphylococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Bacillus, Pediococcus, Micrococcus, Leuconostoc, Weissella, Aerococcus, Oenococcus, Lactobacillus, and mixtures thereof.
 5. The composition according to claim 1, in which the additional microorganism is a lactic bacteria.
 6. The composition according to claim 1, in which the additional microorganism is Lactobacillus johnsonii (CNCM 1-1225).
 7. The composition according to claim 1, in which the additional microorganism and/or one of its fractions and/or one of its metabolites is present in a proportion of 0.1 to 10% by weight of the said composition.
 8. The composition according to claim 1, in which it is provided in the form of aqueous, aqueous/alcoholic or oily solutions, of dispersions of the type of solutions or dispersions of the lotion or serum type, of emulsions of the liquid or semiliquid consistency of the milk type, obtained by dispersion of a fatty phase in an aqueous phase (O/W) or vice versa (W/O), or of suspensions or emulsions with a soft, semisolid or solid consistency of the cream type, of aqueous or anhydrous gels, or also of microemulsions, of microcapsules, of microparticles or of vesicular dispersions of anionic and/or nonionic type.
 9. A cosmetic and/or dermatological composition, of use in particular for preventing and/or treating dry keratinous substances, comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium, at least an effective amount of a lysate of at least one microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium in combination with at least an effective amount of at least one moisturizing active principle.
 10. A method of preparing a composition for treating and/or preventing dryness or associated disorders of a keratinous substance comprising combining a lysate of at least one microorganism of the genus Bifidobacterium and/or one of its fractions with a physiologically acceptable medium.
 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the composition is for treating and/or preventing a dry dandruff state of the scalp. 